Cómo poner un objeto en órbita

Cómo poner un objeto en órbita terrestre, partiendo de la gravitación y de la esfericidad de la Tierra. El primer gráfico al respecto, del siglo XVII. Publicado póstumamente en 'A Treatise of the System of the World' de Isaac Newton.

A Treatise of the System of the World

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Stephen Hawking - Properties of Expanding Universes

ABSTRACT:

Some implications and consequences of the expansion of the universe are examined. In Chapter 1 it is shown that this expansion creates grave difficulties for the Hoyle-Nardikar theory of gravitation. Chapter 2 deals with perturbations of an expanding homogeneous and isotropous universe. The conclusion is reached that galaxies cannot be formed as a result of the growth of perturbations that were initially small. The propagation and absorption of gravitational radiation is also investigated in this approximation. In chapter 3 gravitational radiation in an expanding universe is examined by a method of asymptotic expansions. The 'peeling-off' behaviour and the asymptotic group are derived. Chapter 4 deals with the occurrence of singularities in cosmological models. It is shown that a generality is inevitable provided that certain very general conditions are satisfied.

Hawking, Stephen W. Properties of Expanding Universes. PhD diss. Cambridge U, 1965. Online facsimile at Apollo. 2017.*

         http://schema.lib.cam.ac.uk/PR-PHD-05437_CUDL2017-reduced.pdf

         2017

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